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Weavers | Craftspersons | Nomadic Shepherds


1. Kinnari Weavers: Thakan  (Julah), the weaver of Kinnaur belong to sub caste and full time practitioners of this trade. They practice weaving on Rachh , Pit Loom and Ground Looms. The designs and colour combinations on them are followed religiously like Thanka Painting practitioners. Some of the designs made are for religious rituals and these designs are unique to them only. Besides these ceremonial designs they weave fabrics in various weaves like Herringbone, Diamond, Plain Twill & small checks and are exquisite in feel and look. The products are..

  • Kinnari Shawls
  • Kinnari Ceremonial Shawl
  • Kinnari Ceremonial Long Stole
  • Kinnri Dohru (woven fabric for traditional garments)
  • Kinnri Patti ( Kinnri Tweed made in Rachh , Pit Loom)

2. Kulvi Weavers: Julah , a weaver caste which practiced on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Ground Loom for earning their livelihood. Before the arrival of Kinnari Weavers from Kinnaur to earn their livelihood the Kullu weavers practiced simple design patterns which later, have been influenced by the rich heritage of tribal Kinnari design, exquisite weaves and unique colour patterns. Kullu Shawl enriched by these weavers is now famous world over. The products are..

  • Shawl - woven on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Hand Loom
  • Kulvi Pattu - woven on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Hand Loom
  • Dohru - woven on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Hand Loom
  • Cella (Ground Mat) - Goat hair Yarn woven on Ground Loom
  • Phohd (Kullu Tweed) - woven on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Hand Loom
  • Muffler - woven on Rachh  Pit-Loom and Hand Loom

3. Lahouli Weavers: Ranzar , (weaver) and Rhanzi   (weaving) in Lahoul is not caste based. Every house has a Khricha , Israeli Loom in old times. Khricha  is a Primitive Israeli Loom, which has Biblical reference and practiced by Central Asian, Tibet, Ladakh, Chinese and Lahouli weavers. Besides this, which is unique to these two ethnic communities of Israel and Lahoul is Manna (Heavenly Food, Israeli food in wilderness, food for spiritual enhancement, special Israeli Bread) eaten on Israeli Nuv Roz (New Year), Pass over and Kun, Kus, Phagli  (New Year) in Lahoul. Ground Loom was used by the weaver who worked for wages. The products are:

  • Lahouli Patti (Lahouli Tweed)
  • Dunger (Gudma), woven on Khricha. ( Israeli Loom )
  • Chharli (Throw over Blanket ), Goat hair Yarn woven on Ground Loom
  • Thobi (Throw over Blanket ), Sheep Wool/ Goat Hair Yarn woven on Ground Loom
  • Phad (Grain Bag), Sheep Wool/ Goat Hair Yarn woven on Ground Loom
  • Phatsetu (Sheep saddle Bag), Sheep Wool/ Goat Hair Yarn woven on Ground Loom

4. Nomadic Weavers of Rupsho (Changthang) Changpa ( Northerners ) and Thang ( Plateau ) i.e. the people living in Northern plateau (Changthang) are called Changpas  who practice nomadic pastoral life. Besides growing Pashm, Yak Pashm & Byang Tsm ( sheep wool ) they also practice on primitive Thagsha (Ground Looms). In Changthang Thag (weaving) and Nambu means woven item.
The following items are woven..

  • Chhuba Nambu ( Tibetan long gown)
  • Durma ( Blanket)
  • Chharba (Coarse Blanket) 
  • Rebo (Tent Cloth) 
  • Pankhab (Tapestry)
  • Samkug (Samll Bag)
  • Shathag (Saddle Bag)
  • Phad (Grain Bag)
  • Gyarum (Bod Pok, Tibetan Tweed)
  • Thurma (Vegetable Tie - Dye Cloths)

5. Nomadic Gaddi Weavers: Nomadic gaddi weavers who originally arrived from Rajputana during Muslim rulers repression, practice semi-nomadic pastoral life. They inhabit the areas of Bharmour, Upper Ravi Area of Chamba district and some of them again migrated by crossing Dhauladhar Pass and settled in the lap of Dhauladhar range near Dharamsala in Kangra district in Himachal Pradesh.Their pastoral migration takes them to the high pastures of the greater Himalayas during summers and Shiwalik hills during winters. They grow wool from Indian sheep and Indian sheep crossbred with Australian/ New Zealand Marino wool sheep.

The Gaddi shepherds practice on Ground Loom and Pit Looms. The Gaddi shepherds produce the following..

  • Blankets in Checks  (Waterproof):  Woven from handspun sheep wool yarn and finished by manual milling.
  • Floor Mat  (Waterproof):  Woven from handspun goat hair yarn and finished by manual milling/ felting. The floor mats made by manual milling / felting practice is uniquely similar to Central Asian nomads of Kazak, Kalmukh, Junghur, Bhuryati, Tuban and Mangolia. Some of these Central Asian nomads in earlier times were unaware of spinning and weaving methods and knew felting and dyeing only.
  • Gaddi Pattu (Gaddi Tweed) :  Traditional Choga (gown) and Cap are produced from this fabric.

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